What is the method of formation of vaccine by using genetic engineering

Method of formation of vaccine by using genetic engineering

• In the present time, vaccines have been prepared by using the principle of Biotechnology and technique of Genetic engineering.

• Such vaccines are termed as DNA vaccine. These vaccines use only parts of organisms and produce strong immune responses against foreign protein.

• For the preparation of this vaccine , a gene is isolated from microorganisms  that codes for a  desired  character.

• This gene is inserted into the body of bacteria or yeast to produce a large quantity of copy of the gene of desired characters.

• After transcription and translation, These copies are transformed into our desired product ( Vaccine). Before complete preparation of the vaccine, these desired products are isolated , purified and preserved.

• The vaccine that is produced by genetic engineering, is known as the third generation vaccine.

• DNA vaccine can be given by injecting the plasmid into muscle. With the help of plasmid, the gene is directly inserted into muscle cells .

• The vaccine is coated by gold in particular and delivered into the human body by the gene gun method.

• Once DNA vaccine is delivered into human cells, the plasmid make their way into the cell of the nucleus.

• The plasmid starts to produce protein product with respect to the gene that is attached with it.

• As the foreign protein enters the body then defense machinery starts to counter attack on it. The vaccine that has been prepared by genetic engineering has no risk of infection.

• As this Vaccine enters in a cell, it activates both cellular and humoral response of the immune system so there is no chance that a Vaccine would cause any infection.

• The DNA vaccine provides protection against the different strain of pathogen because the plasmid that is engineered ,may carry gene of different strain.

• DNA vaccine are more stable than other vaccine because DNA does not change easily even in extreme condition hence these vaccine remain potent for long time when stored.

• DNA vaccines have opened the new way of therapies for treating cancer and AIDS.

• This vaccine may handle all kinds of pathogens that are fatal for humans.

• Although there are various other method of vaccine formation . To know other various method of vaccine formation click on vaccine.